Casting rolls



(No Model.) J. EMPHILL.

OASTING, ROLLS. No. 317,781. Patented May 12, .1885.

25? Hi I ATTORNE/Y.

N, PETERS. nnlu-Lilhegrapher. Washington. D. C,

UNITED STATES ATET rrrcn.

CASTING ROLLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,781, dated May 12,1885.

Application filed August 6, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Janus HEMPHILL, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented or discovered certain newand usefulImprovements in Molds for Casting Rolls, of which improvements thefollowing is a specification.

In the accompanying drawing, which makes part of this specification,thefigure is a sectional elevation of a mold for casting grooved rolls.

Heretofore in casting grooved rolls and simi= larly-shaped articles-i.0., articles having an irregularly-shaped surfacethe mold therefor hasbeen usually formed of sand or some rigid material, as cast-iron. Thesand molds are formed by packing sand while in a moist condition arounda suitable pattern, and after the pattern has been removed the mold isplaced in an oven and thoroughly dried. Great difliculty is experiencedin the use of such a mold, arising from the liability of theinwardlyprojecting parts being broken off by the molten metal as itrises in the mold during the casting operation, such broken partsbecoming incorporated in the body of the roll, thus causing defectswhich cannot be removed; or if the sand of the mold be packed and driedso hard as to overcome all liability of any of the parts being brokenthere is danger of the mold being so rigid and unyielding that parts ofthe roll will be broken by the contraction of the metal in cooling. Thesame liability of fracturing the article being cast during the coolingof the metal is encountered in the use of thick metal molds, and suchmetal molds are rapidly destroyed by contact with the molten metal. Inaddition to the breaking down of inwardly-projecting parts of the sandmold, as above stated, the molten steel, which is poured while in a veryfluid condition, filters into the sand of the mold, and solidifyingwhile mingled with the sand forms a hard and tenacious crust around thebody of the metal, which is extremely difficult to remove; and,moreover, it frequently occurs that pockets or holes containing sandfrom broken parts of the mold will be discovered during the turningoperation, and if these pockets are of considerable, size the articlewill be unfit for use,

and thereby insure the uniform production of 6o sound articles at areduced expense; and to this end my invention consists in theconstruction and combination of parts, all as more fully hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

The mold A for the roll consists of a thin sheet-metal lining, 1, and abacking or filling,

.2, of dry sand. The sheet-metal lining l is constructed of a series ofsections, said sections being riveted or secured together in anysuitable manner. The sections 3 are simple circular plates and areriveted to the cylindrical sections 4, said sections forming the liningof the top and sides of that part of mold in which the journals of theroll are formed. To the open end of the cylindrical sections 4: areriveted the annular sections 5, which line the sides of the parts of themold which form the ends of the body of the roll. The alternate recessesand projections of the mold for grooved rolls are lined or covered by aseries of sections, 7 and 8. The sections 7 for the bottom of therecesses and the tops of the projections are shaped, as shown, withflanges, whereby the adjoining sections 8, forming the lining for thesides of the recesses or projections, are connected to. the sections 7.

The shape of the various sections may be altered to suit the variousshapes of grooves and collars desired in the finished roll, and in placeof forming the lining for the body or working part of the roll of anumber of sections, it may be formed of one cylindrical piecetransversely corrugated to approximate the shape of the finished roll.

A shell constructed as described is placed in a suitable flask, and thebacking 2, of dry sand or other suitable yielding material, is packedaround the same. Into the mold thus constructed the molten steel is eastthrough the runner 9 in the usual manner. The molten steel will fuse theinner surface of the sheet- I of thelining or shell being changed tosuit the metal lining, thus welding the two together; but the shellshould be made of such a thickness that the molten steel will not burnthrough the lining and come in contactwith the sand backing, and thatsaid lining will not be entirely fused. It will be observed that all theinwardly-projecting parts have sufficient tenacity to prevent theirbeing broken or disturbed in filling the mold, and at the same time allthe parts of the mold have sufficient elasticity to allow of theiryielding under the pressure exerted by the contracting metal, and as thelining is made of such thickness that the molten steel will not burnthrough and come in contact with the sand backing, the casting Will comefrom the flask clean and smooth, ready for any subsequent treatment, Thelining is then removed and the casting turned to final shape and size,this turning operation being effected with very little difficulty, asthere will be nothing to remove but metal free from grit or sand.

I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to special form orshape of lining, as that may be varied to suit the shape of theworking-face of the rolls or other article to be produced, the essentialfeature of my method being to keep the molten steel from contact withthe sand backing of the mold, so as to produce a casting having asurface when with drawn entirely clean and free from sand or any grittycrust.

Although I have shown and described my improved mold as applied to themanufacture of rolls, I do not limit myself thereto, as said mold may beused in the manufacture of other articles--as shafts, cannons, &c. theshape article to be produced, the prominent characteristic of myinvention being a mold constructed to prevent any injury to anyprojecting parts and to allow of freedom of movement of the parts of themold under the pressure of the cooling metal, and also to provide forthe production of a casting having a surface clean and free from grit orsand and ready for any subsequent treatment; nor do I limit myself toremoving the shell and bringing the article to final shapeby cutting, asthe same may be effected by grinding in the well-known manner.

I claim herein as my invention 1. A mold for the production of articleshaving irregular surfaces, consisting of a sheetmetal shellcorresponding in size and shape to the article to be cast, andconstructed to yield longitudinally under the pressure of thecontracting metal, and a backing of dry sand or other suitable yieldingmaterial, substantially as set forth.

2. A mold for the production of grooved rolls, consisting of asheet-metal shell having its interior of a size and shape correspondingto the exterior of the roll to be cast, and constructed to yieldlongitudinally under the pressure of the contracting metal, and abacking of dry sand or other suitable yielding material surrounding suchshell, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES HEMPHILL.

\Vitnesses:

DARW'IN S. WOLCOTT, J. SNOWDEN BELL.

